Changes

Three noteworthy facts may be observed on the map on [[File:| ''Urban macrocephaly'']]. In the first place, the coast from western Andalusia (Andalucía) to Catalonia (Catalunya/Cataluña) is well traced and a moderate dominance of major towns with a large amount of inhabitants is shown in this area. To a lesser extent, the Atlantic coast in Galicia, the northern coast, the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands are also well outlined. In the hinterland, however, only Madrid, Valladolid and Saragossa (Zaragoza) stand out. Secondly, there is a sharp contrast between the Northern Plateau and the Southern Plateau as the presence of major towns with a larger amount of inhabitants is more significant in the former. Finally, it shall be noted that the weight of the municipality with most residents on the total population of each province is more significant in the northern half of the Spanish hinterland as well as in Madrid than in the rest of the country. It is also worthy of mention that the municipality with most residents within each province is the capital town of the province except for three cases out of fifty, i.e. Pontevedra, Asturias and Cádiz, where Vigo, Gijón/Xixón and Jerez de la Frontera are the largest towns in these provinces.

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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Map: Density of human settlements. 2020. Spain. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Espana_Densidad-de-asentamientos_2020_mapa_18025_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Espana_Densidad-de-asentamientos_2020_mapa_18025_spa.zip Datos]. [//interactivo-atlasnacional.ign.es/index.php#c=indicator&i=c_112_t.c_112_t&s=2020&t=A02&view=map8 Versión interactiva].]]

Figures on the age structure of the population show a rather old population in Spain. The proportion of very old people, i.e. people over 85 years of age, on the total population in the country rises to 3.3%, what may be considered a very relevant figure. By contrast, the youngest age groups, i.e. children under 15, gather in total only 14.4% of the total population, what means that the age-sex pyramid is rather narrow at the bottom. A relevant spatial contrast may be observed throughout Spain on the maps depicting the age structure of the population by province. Age groups have been sorted in such a way as to allow disaggregation into the older categories. The map showing the proportion of people under 60 on the total amount of inhabitants reveals that this category rises to over 75% in southern, eastern and central Spain, whereas it drops to less than 65% in the Northwest. By contrast, maps showing the proportion of elderly people show the opposite picture as greater demographic ageing is registered in the Northwest than in the rest of the country.

The national average of households with five or more members out of the total amount of households lies by 5.7% (see the map on Households with 5 or more members). The provinces of Almería and Murcia stand out as their figures rise to around 9%, whilst on the other end of the scale some provinces on the Northern Plateau, next to the Portuguese border as well as Asturias fall to around 4%. Figures in the rest of the country are similar to the national average.

The region is used as spatial unit of analysis on the map on Healthy life years. A double point of view is taken into account, i.e. healthy life years at birth and at the age of 65. In the first case, a graph shows the evolution from 2007 to 2018 with very contrasting profiles that do not allow deducing well-defined spatial behaviours. In the second case, however, a larger extension of healthy life at the age of 65 seems to be detected in the northern hinterland as well as in Galicia, the Basque Country (Euskadi/País Vasco) and the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears).

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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Map: Households with 5 or more members. 2019. Spain. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Espana_Hogares-con-cinco-o-mas-personas_2019_mapa_17763_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Espana_Hogares-con-cinco-o-mas-personas_2019_mapa_17763_spa.zip Datos]. [//interactivo-atlasnacional.ign.es/index.php#c=indicator&i=s17763.s17763&i2=c12131.c12131&t=A01&t2=A01&view=map9 Versión interactiva].]]

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