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{{ANEEtiqueta|palabrasclave=sección de la Monografía covid-19, sección I, pandemia, covid19, casos de COVID-19 en la Unión Europea, personal sanitario en la Unión Europea, mortalidad por COVID-19 en la Unión Europea, estructura demográfica en Europa, aeropuertos de la Unión Europea, ciudades de Europa, dinámica demográfica en Europa|descripcion= Análisis de la afección de la pandemia en la Unión Europea a través de mapas y gráficos estadísticos del Atlas Nacional de España|url=valor}}{{ANEObra|Serie=Monographs from the National Atlas of Spain|Logo=[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg|left|50x50px|link=]]|Título=The COVID-19 pandemic in Spain|Subtítulo=First wave: from the first cases to the end of June 2020|Año=2021|Contenido=New content}}
{{ANENavegacionCapitulo (monografía COVID-19)|estructura=[[Estructura temática (monografía COVID-19)|Estructura temática]]|seccion=[[Global context of the COVID-19 pandemic]]|Global context capitulo=Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic]]on the European Union}}{{ANENavegacionHermanos |capituloanterior=Impact [[Origin and global diffusion of the pandemic in ]] |siguiente=[[Socio-economic and environmental impact worldwide and on the European Union]] }}
[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Population-density-in-the-European-Union_2019_map_18193_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|MapaMap: Densidad de población en la Unión EuropeaPopulation density in the European Union. 2019. EuropaEurope. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadEurope_Population-dedensity-poblacionin-enthe-laEuropean-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaUnion_2019_map_18193_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadEurope_Population-dedensity-poblacionin-enthe-la-UnionEuropean-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaUnion_2019_map_18193_eng.zip DatosData].]]
[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Population-over-the-age-of-65-in-the-European-Union_2019_map_17830_eng.jpg|right|thumb|300px|MapaMap: Población mayor de Population over the age of 65 años en la Unión Europeain the European Union. 2019. EuropaEurope. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PoblacionEurope_Population-mayorover-dethe-age-of-65-anosin-enthe-la-UnionEuropean-Europea_2019_mapa_17830_spaUnion_2019_map_17830_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PoblacionEurope_Population-over-the-mayorage-deof-65-anosin-enthe-laEuropean-UnionUnion_2019_map_17830_eng.zip Data]. ]]The population density map shall be combined with the [[:File:Europe_Population-over-the-age-of-65-in-the-European-Europea_2019_mapa_17830_spaUnion_2019_map_17830_eng.zip Datosjpg|''Population over the age of 65 in the European Union'']]map, which shows a part of the population that, if infected, has a higher morbidity rate due to the age. This map is clearly different to the population density map. The regions that stand out for having a higher number of people over the age of 65 are those that form the Iberian Atlantic Arc [especially Alentejo, Galicia, Asturias and Castile and León (Castilla y León)], the hinterland of France (especially Poitou-Charentes and Limousin), the north of Italy [more specifically Piedmont (Piemonte), Liguria, Friuli-Venezia-Giulia, Tuscany (Toscana) and Umbria], several regions in eastern Germany [Saxony (Sachsen), Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt) and Thuringia (Thüringen)], a couple in Greece [Epirus (Épeiros) and the Ionian Islands (Iónia nisiá)]and one in Bulgaria (Northwest). In the case of the Iberian regions, older sex-age pyramids are combined with low demographic densities and a highly dispersed population, making the provision of healthcare for older adults even more challenging.
[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Main-airports-in-the-European-Union_2019_map_17850_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|MapaMap: Ciudades más pobladas de la Unión EuropeaMain airports in the European Union. 2019. EuropaEurope. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Ciudades-masEurope_Main-pobladasairports-dein-lathe-UnionEuropean-Europea_2019_mapa_18141_spaUnion_2019_map_17850_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_CiudadesEurope_Main-masairports-pobladasin-dethe-laEuropean-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18141_spaUnion_2019_map_17850_eng.zip DatosData].]]If we look at the map showing the [[:File:Europe_Most-populous-cities-in-the-European-Union_2019_map_18141_eng.jpg|''Most populous cities in the European Union'']], we may observe that the high rates of urbanisation in Europe translate to a network of numerous medium-sized (by global standards) cities in close proximity to one another. This urban pattern is totally different to the megacities in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. It is particularly prominent in the aforementioned Blue Banana, where several cities with over half a million inhabitants are located just a short distance from one another and are included in different Member States. The density of flows between these cities played a significant role in easing the spread of the virus across the continent, which led to the roll-out of coordinated measures throughout the twenty-seven EU States. However, unlikein other continents, the size and morphology of the European urban system allowed the Authorities to quarantine the cities and neighbourhoods with the highest incidence of infection with relative ease, and this helped to control the pandemic in the heart of Europe.
The map showing the [[:File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Main-airports-in-the-European-Union_2019_map_17850_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Mapa: Principales aeropuertos de la Unión Europea. 2019''Main airports in the European Union'']] tries to highlight the virus’ points of access to the Union from abroad, i. Europae. [//centrodedescargasthe international airports where measures were gradually introduced to slow down the arrival of passengers, first from Asia, then from South Africa, Brazil and the United Kingdom.cnigIt also shows the other airports in the network, which subsequently helped to spread the pandemic internally.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigidaAir transport flows in the European Union have two main components: business travel and leisure travel.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PrincipalesTravel for work-aeropuertos-de-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_17850_sparelated reasons is more common in the airports located in the main urban areas.pdf PDF]Falls in the number of passengers at these airports as a result of lockdowns and reduced mobility were considerable. [//centrodedescargasFrankfurt airport went from 70 million passengers in 2019 to 19 million in 2020; Madrid from 60 million in 2019 to 17 million in 2020; and Munich (München) from 48 million in 2019 to 11 million in 2020.cnigBy contrast, airports on the Mediterranean coast and the Canary Islands (islas Canarias) rely heavily on tourism.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigidaHowever, given that the outbreak of the virus happened in winter, during months of low tourist activity, these airports were less impacted by restrictions on mobility during the initial weeks of the pandemic.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PrincipalesIn June 2020, when the incidence of the virus had been reduced, lockdown measures were scaled-aeropuertos-de-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_17850_spaback and the summer tourist season began, some regional administrations in these areas –particularly the island regions– ventured to test tourist corridors, in which virus control systems at airports played a crucial role.zip Datos].]]]
The last map shows the number of [[:File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Healthcare-workers-in-the-European-Union_2018_map_17875_eng.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Gráfico estadístico''Healthcare workers in the European Union'']]. In general, Europe is globally renowned for having solid and well-equipped healthcare systems, which translate to the continent’s high level of well-being. However, the availability of doctors and nurses is uneven: Evolución de casos COVIDhigher in the northern States (Finland, Sweden, Ireland, Germany, Belgium, Estonia and Lithuania), and lower in the southern and eastern States (for this indicator, Spain and Italy have similar figures to Bulgaria, possibly as a result of the cuts on their health budgets in the wake of the double recession from 2008-19 en la Unión Europea2013). 2020. Europa.]]
<div><ul style="text-align: center">
<li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top">[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Evolution-in-the-number-of-deaths-from-Covid--19-in-the-European-Union_2020_statisticalgraph_17796_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Gráfico estadísticoStatistical graph: Evolución de fallecidos por COVIDEvolution in the number of deaths from Covid-19 en la Unión Europeain the European Union. 2020. EuropaEurope.]]
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<li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top">[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Deaths-from-COVID--19-in-the-European-Union_2020_map_17793_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|MapaMap: Fallecidos por Deaths from COVID-19 en la Unión Europeain the European Union. 2020. EuropaEurope. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_FallecidosEurope_Deaths-porfrom-COVID--19-enin-lathe-UnionEuropean-Europea_2020_mapa_17793_spaUnion_2020_map_17793_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_FallecidosEurope_Deaths-porfrom-COVID--19-enin-lathe-UnionEuropean-Europea_2020_mapa_17793_spaUnion_2020_map_17793_eng.zip DatosData].]]]
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<li style="display: inline-block; vertical-align:top">[[File:Logo MonografíaEurope_Healthcare-workers-in-the-European-Union_2018_map_17875_eng.jpg|left|thumb|300px|MapaMap: Personal sanitario en la Unión EuropeaHealthcare workers in the European Union. 2018. EuropaEurope. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PersonalEurope_Healthcare-sanitarioworkers-enin-lathe-UnionEuropean-Europea_2018_mapa_17875_spaUnion_2018_map_17875_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_PersonalEurope_Healthcare-sanitarioworkers-enin-lathe-UnionEuropean-Europea_2018_mapa_17875_spaUnion_2018_map_17875_eng.zip DatosData].]]]
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{{ANEAutoria|Autores= Agustín Gámir Orueta, Rubén C. Lois González, Ángel Miramontes Carballada y Ana Paula Santana Rodrigues}}
{{ANESubirArriba}}
{{ANENavegacionHermanos |anterior=[[Origin and global diffusion of the pandemic]] |siguiente=[[Socio-economic and environmental impact worldwide and on the European Union]] }}
{{ANEPaginaDescargas (monografía COVID-19)}}
[[Category:Spain in the World]]
[[es:Afección de la pandemia en la Unión Europea]]