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Coronavirus peaked in Madrid some time earlier than in the rest of the country. Both the city of Madrid and the Region of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid) reached the peak of COVID-19 cases and deaths during the last days of March 2020, whilst most of the other regions in Spain peaked well into early April or even later. 12,517 people died in Madrid in the month of March 2020 (considering all causes), whilst 4,195 deaths were recorded during the same month of the previous year (National Statistics Institute, 2020 and 2021). Furthermore, the fall in numbers after peaking was slower and more gradual than in other regions in the country.
[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: COVID-19 cases in the region of Madrid. 2020. Madrid. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]][[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Population over 65 years of age in the region of Madrid. 2020. Madrid.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]Indicators show unevenly distributed figures when comparing the city of Madrid to the Region of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid). There are ample differences between the different boroughs and municipalities as well as by sex and by age. The age distribution of the 8,747 people who died from COVID-19 in the period comprising the first wave of the pandemic shows that nearly 83% (7,252) were over 70 years of age (ISCIII, 2021). When broken down by sex, statistics show that 58% of dead were men and 42% were women. It shall also be noted that this difference by sex was larger in the 40 to 69-years-of-age group, in which 1,034 dead were men (71%) and 418 were women (29%). By contrast, this difference by sex nearly disappeared in the under 39-years-of-age group, in which 22 men and 21 women passed away.
A similar situation may be observed on the figures on hospital admissions and use of hospital beds allotted to ICUs by COVID-19 patients. More men were admitted to hospital and required admission at intensive care units in the over 40 years-of-age group, whilst the amount of COVID-19 cases was much larger amongst women (40,400 women to 33,537 men). This suggests that the symptoms and effects of the virus were more severe on men.
However, the relationship between the impact of the disease and the other socioeconomic variables is not as clear-cut. This does not mean it does not exist. It simply means that a multidisciplinary assessment is required to go more in depth and better understand the influence of each of these factors on the incidence and impact of the pandemic.
It shall be borne in mind when using these maps that the criteria for counting COVID-19 cases varied throughout the period assessed at different times and in different ways, depending on the various territories. The sources that have been used provide information on which criteria were used and when they were used.
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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: COVID-19 cases in the city of Madrid. 2020. Madrid.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]
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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Population over 65 years of age in the city of Madrid. 2020. Madrid.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]
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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Unemployed in the city of Madrid. 2020. Madrid.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]
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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Social benefits in the city of Madrid. 2020. Madrid.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]
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[[File:Logo Monografía.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Statistical graph: Mobility on public transport in relation to personal income. Metropolitan area of Barcelona. 2020. Barcelona.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_Densidad-de-poblacion-en-la-Union-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spa.zip Datos].]]
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{{ANEAutoria|Autores= Francisco Escobar Martínez}}
