Talk:Economic indicators (COVID-19 monograph)

The COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. First wave: from the first cases to the end of June 2020

Monographs from the National Atlas of Spain. New content

Thematic structure > Social, economic and environmental effects > Economic indicators and productive sectors > Economic indicators

Agricultural sector →

Companies deemed as being essential National classification of economic activities Companies deemed as being essential % Workers % Nacional total 67.3 74.1 Crop and animal production,hunting and related service activities 99.7 99.6 Forestry and logging 100.0 100.0 Fishing and aquaculture 100.0 100.0 Manufacture of food products 100.0 100.0 Manufacture of beverages 100.0 100.0 Manufacture of textiles 88.1 88.8 Manufacture of wearing apparel 34.1 29.5 Manufacture of leather and related products 74.1 75.0 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork; except furniture, manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials 20.0 32.6 Manufacture of paper and paper products 63.5 83.0 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products 61.1 99.6 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 90.0 91.7 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations 100.0 100.0 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 88.9 86.4 Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products 92.0 95.0 Manufacture of electrical equipment 70.8 69.1 Manufacture of furniture 77.6 70.9 Other manufacturing 66.3 68.5 Repair and installation of machinery and equipment 64.7 42.5 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 98.1 97.0 Water collection, treatment and supply 100.0 100.0 Sewerage 100.0 100.0 Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery 100.0 100.0 Remediation activities and other waste management services 100.0 100.0 Civil engineering 3.6 3.9 Specialised construction activities 41.8 50.1 Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 68.1 54.3 Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 49.5 59.5 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 54.2 62.2 Land transport and transport via pipelines 96.6 70.3 Water transport 18.2 36.6 Air transport 22.3 3.2 Warehousing and support activities for transportation 69.7 74.1 Postal and courier activities 100.0 100.0 Food and beverage service activities 30.1 57.7 Publishing activities 6.8 31.0 Programming and broadcasting activities 100.0 100.0 Telecommunications 100.0 100.0 Computer programming, consultancy and related activities 100.0 100.0 Information service activities 77.7 59.3 Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding 8.3 94.6 Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security 90.2 98.9 Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities 100.0 100.0 Legal and accounting activities 100.0 100.0 Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis 13.3 22.5 Scientific research and development 62.9 95.1 Other professional, scientific and technical activities 57.6 71.5 Veterinary activities 100.0 100.0 Rental and leasing activities 21.9 32.2 Security and investigation activities 67.5 99.7 Services to buildings and landscape activities 66.0 81.1 Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 95.1 90.1 Human health activities 100.0 100.0 Residential care activities 52.8 52.1 Social work activities without accommodation 30.7 33.1 Repair of computers and personal and household goods 31.1 47.0 Other personal service activities 88.5 89.1 Source: Central Business Register. National Statistics Institute

The state of alarm enacted on 14 March 2020 ushered in a general lockdown and in the suspension of all non-essential economic activities. This decision had an immediate and distressing impact on economy. However, which activities were deemed as being ‘essential’?

Since the double recession back in 2008-2013, there has been increased interest in studying the economic activities deemed as being really ‘essential’ for the sustainable running of developed societies and the well-being of citizens. New terms, such as urban development sector and essential economy, have been coined to describe the economic sectors that supply basic goods and services to households and urban areas. These so-called ‘essential activities’ account for between a third and a half of employment in developed countries, and their critical nature makes them more resistant in times of economic downturn, falling income and growing unemployment.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the relevance of this type of analysis. The state of alarm limited activity to a very specific set of essential activities that included the supply of energy, water and food; the processing sector; freight transport; information and communication services; financial services; business advice; public administration; healthcare; and social services (see the chart on Companies deemed as being essential).

The map on the percentage of Companies deemed as being essential in each municipality shows the relative importance of these economic activities, which account for 67.3% of companies and 74.1% of employed in Spain. However, this national average is widely exceeded in sparsely populated provinces, such as Lugo, Zamora, Palencia, Soria, Teruel, Huesca, Lleida, Cuenca and Almería, where companies deemed as being essential make up 75% of the business fabric. Segovia, Ávila, Salamanca and Jaén stand also above the national average with over 72% of companies considered essential. At the other end of the scale, the three Basque provinces, Alicante, Málaga, the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears), Ceuta and Melilla are to be observed, where less than 65% of companies are deemed as being essential.

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Agricultural sector →

You can download the complete publication The COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. First wave: from the first cases to the end of June 2020 in Libros Digitales del ANE site.

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