Changes

In terms of the '''health dimension''', the neighbourhoods of Saragossa (Zaragoza) were affected unevenly. Initially, the situation was assessed using the well known approach of counting registered COVID-19 cases and the rates of active cases and recovered patients. However, on top of this, the Regional Government of Aragón added the so-called ‘frequenting rate’, i.e. the number of patients infected or suspected of being infected with COVID-19 according to the records in public healthcare centres. Given that the capacity to carry out mass PCR testing was not yet available at that time, applying this second indicator provides a more detailed profile of the health situation. The data available are registered by healthcare areas that approximately match neighbourhoods or sometimes smaller sections of the city. This allows highlighting internal differences amongst healthcare areas.

Two types of healthcare areas registered a higher frequenting rate. The first type were areas with a higher mobility; either internal mobility, within the municipality [this was the case of ''Valdespartera, Venecia '' and ''Avenida de Cataluña'', where inhabitants go across the city every day for different purposes, such as work, many of them on public transport], or external mobility, with people travelling over the weekend to other regions or states/countries [for example, there is a direct flight from Saragossa (Zaragoza) to Bergamo in Lombardy/Lombardia (Italy), where infection rates during the first wave of the pandemic were extremely high]. In both cases, these are urban areas of intermediate socioeconomic level, like ''Bombarda'', which also registered very high frequenting rates. The second type of healthcare areas to register high frequenting rates were those where lower socioeconomic levels of society live, some of which were severely impacted during the first wave of the pandemic and suffer acutely from social vulnerability, such as San Pablo and Rebolería.

The social dimension looks at the sociodemographic and housing context in the city. This is shown on the map depicting the percentage second type of healthcare areas to register high frequenting rates were those where lower socioeconomic levels of households in which five or more members society live in homes with under 90 m2. Areas in red and orange point out higher figures (a higher percentage , some of households with these peculiarities), and those in green unveil which were severely impacted during the opposite situation. It may be concluded that citizens in some areas first wave of the citypandemic and suffer acutely from social vulnerability, such as Delicias Sur, ''San Pablo or Las Fuentes Norte, were more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to their low capacity for isolation within their homes '' and therefore due to a higher risk of infection within family relations. This indicator also suggests that socioeconomic factors, such as a more fragile work environment or one that does not enable home office, put these citizens at higher risk of infection from outside family relations''Rebolería''.

The emotional '''social dimension was ''' looks at the sociodemographic and housing context in the city. This is shown on the map depicting the percentage of households in which five or more members live in homes with under 90 m2. Areas in red and orange point out higher figures (a relevant aspect higher percentage of households with these peculiarities), and those in green unveil the opposite situation. It may be concluded that was particularly important during the first wave citizens in some areas of the pandemic. Saragossa City Council was sensitive city, such as ''Delicias Sur'', ''San Pablo'' or ''Las Fuentes Norte'', were more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to this scope their low capacity for isolation within their homes and used therefore due to a survey to gauge citizens’ living conditions and emotional well-being during lockdownhigher risk of infection within family relations. It was answered by over 5This indicator also suggests that socioeconomic factors, such as a more fragile work environment or one that does not enable home office,000 peopleput these citizens at higher risk of infection from outside family relations.

The '''emotional dimension''' was a relevant aspect that was particularly important during the first question on wave of the pandemic. Saragossa City Council was sensitive to this scope and used a survey referred to employment. The majority answered that no changes were registered gauge citizens’ living conditions and emotional well-being during lockdown in terms of being employed, especially in neighbourhoods with higher socioeconomic living standards, such as Universidad-Romareda and Centro. By contrastIt was answered by over 5, sectors like San Pablo, Delicias and El Rabal stood out for the high percentage of inhabitants that were either unemployed or furloughed000 people.

The second first question alluded on the survey referred to home officeemployment. Whilst this way The majority answered that no changes were registered during lockdown in terms of working was strongly implemented being employed, especially in some of the neighbourhoods with higher socioeconomic living standards, where teachers, professors, lawyers and similar professions are present, such as ''Universidad-Romareda '' and ''Centro''. By contrast, this possibility was not to be found in neighbourhoods with lower skilled professions, such as Las Fuentessectors like ''San Pabl'', San José ''Delicias'' and Torrero''El Rabal''' stood out for the high percentage of inhabitants that were either unemployed or furloughed.

The third second question alluded to home office. Whilst this way of working was intended to gauge strongly implemented in some of the emotional well-being of citizens during lockdown. Firstlyneighbourhoods with higher socioeconomic living standards, the dominance of yellow areas stands outwhere teachers, showing intermediate emotional conditions. Howeverprofessors, there lawyers and similar professions are some interesting nuancespresent, such as the high percentage of positive emotional responses ''Universidad-Romareda'' and ''Centro'', this possibility was not to be found in certain areas of the city neighbourhoods with high levels of social vulnerability (e.g. Delicias)lower skilled professions, such as ''Las Fuentes'', what points out high levels of resilience''San José'' and ''Torrero''.

The third question was intended to gauge the emotional well-being of citizens during lockdown. Firstly, the dominance of yellow areas stands out, showing intermediate emotional conditions. However, there are some interesting nuances, such as the high percentage of positive emotional responses in certain areas of the city with high levels of social vulnerability (e.g. ''Delicias''), what points out high levels of resilience. Finally, the answers to the fourth question depict the generalised trend towards increased spending on television subscriptions during lockdown. Given that inhabitants in lower-income areas such as ''Delicias '' and ''San Pablo '' were less likely to be able to afford these television subscriptions, this question reveals itself to be an indirect indicator of social vulnerability.