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There were 3,339,279 inhabitants in 2020 in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, which comprises the city of Barcelona as well as some 35 towns around it. This means that 42% of the population in Catalonia (Catalunya/Cataluña) lives in an area that covers just 2% of the territory. Data for the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona allow approaching one of the issues repeatedly raised in scientific and citizen debates from the beginning of the health crisis, i.e. the influence of living conditions on the incidence of the pandemic. This section depicts this issue by assessing the relationship between the incidence of the pandemic and some of the most decisive aspects of mobility and social vulnerability.
The map on the ''[[:File:Barcelona Incidence -of -COVID--19 -and -socioeconomic -conditions.-Metropolitan-Area-of-Barcelona 2020 map 17942 eng.jpg|Incidence of COVID-19 and socioeconomic conditions]]'' shows the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona in relation to the socioeconomic index in healthcare areas. This map confirms the situation pointed out in May 2020 by the Catalan Agency for Health Quality and Assessment (AQuAS, 2020): first, the most vulnerable groups in socioeconomic terms show higher incidence and mortality rates than those with higher socioeconomic conditions; second, from a regional perspective, some of the healthcare areas to register higher incidence were those with lower socioeconomic conditions. However, a positive correlation by socioeconomic conditions could not be identified between incidence rates and mortality.
[[File:Barcelona Incidence-of-COVID--19-and-socioeconomic-conditions.-Metropolitan-Area-of-Barcelona 2020 map 17942 eng.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Incidence of COVID-19 and socioeconomic conditions. Metropolitan area of Barcelona. 2020. Barcelona.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Barcelona_Incidence-of-COVID--19-and-socioeconomic-conditions.-Metropolitan-Area-of-Barcelona_2020_map_17942_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Barcelona_Incidencia-de-COVID--19-y-nivel-socioeconomico.-Area-Metropolitana-de-Barcelona_2020_mapa_17942_spa.zip More information].]]
[[File:Logo MonografíaBarcelona Mobility-on-public-rail-transport.-Metropolitan-Area-of-Barcelona 2020 map 17991 eng.jpg||right|thumb|300px|Map: Mobility on public rail transport. Metropolitan area of Barcelona. 2020. Barcelona.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadBarcelona_Mobility-on-depublic-poblacionrail-entransport.-laMetropolitan-UnionArea-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaof-Barcelona_2020_map_17991_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadBarcelona_Movilidad-deen-el-transporte-publico-poblacionferroviario.-enArea-laMetropolitana-Unionde-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaBarcelona_2020_mapa_17991_spa.zip DatosMore information].]]
[[File:Barcelona Incidence-of-COVID--19-and-income.-City-of-Barcelona 2020 map 17943 eng.jpg||left|thumb|300px|Map: Incidence of COVID-19 and income. City of Barcelona. 2020. Barcelona.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Barcelona_Incidence-of-COVID--19-and-income.-City-of-Barcelona_2020_map_17943_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Barcelona_Incidencia-de-COVID--19-y-renta-de-la-poblacion.-Ciudad-de-Barcelona_2020_mapa_17943_spa.zip More information].]]
[[File:Logo MonografíaBarcelona Mobility-on-public-rail-transport.-City-of-Barcelona 2020 map 17992 eng.jpg||right|thumb|300px|Map: Mobility on public rail transport. City of Barcelona. 2020. Barcelona.[//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadBarcelona_Mobility-deon-poblacionpublic-enrail-latransport.-UnionCity-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaof-Barcelona_2020_map_17992_eng.pdf PDF]. [//centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/aneTematico/Europa_DensidadBarcelona_Movilidad-en-el-detransporte-poblacionpublico-enferroviario.-laCiudad-Unionde-Europea_2019_mapa_18193_spaBarcelona_2020_mapa_17992_spa.zip DatosMore information].]]Data provided by the Public Health Agency in Barcelona confirm, in general, a clear relationship between the incidence of the pandemic and socioeconomic conditions. The population is grouped by income quintiles on the graph on the ''[[:File:Barcelona Incidence-of-COVID--19-in-relation-to-social-vulnerability-and-income 2020 statisticalgraph 17945 eng.jpg|Incidence of COVID-19 in relation to social vulnerability and income]]'', which shows that the first quintile (lower income) had a significantly higher incidence of infections than the fifth quintile (higher income), i.e. 42.3% in the case of women and 50.2% in the case of men. It is also worth of mention that a slightly lower incidence was to be observed in the first quintile in relation to the second and third ones. This could perhaps be attributed to the fact that most vulnerable population has less access to healthcare and therefore to testing and thus to statistics, whether for reasons of age or due to an irregular administrative situation (e.g. migrants having no resident or work permit for the European Union).
The map on the Incidence of COVID-19 and income shows the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases in relation to the average disposable family income in the 73 neighbourhoods in the city of Barcelona. This map shows that, generally speaking, lower-income neighbourhoods registered higher incidence rates. This relationship was also assessed and verified in the ten boroughs and in the tens of census sections in Barcelona with a high level of statistical significance (Baena-Díez ''et al.'' 2020; Marí-dell’Olmo ''et al.'' 2021).